笔记。后期方便复制粘贴
一、前期准备 make和g++
yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make gcc-c++ glibc
二、安装相关组件
1、下载解压pcre
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.41/pcre-8.41.tar.gz
tar -zxvf pcre-8.41.tar.gz
2、下载解压zlib
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/libpng/files/zlib/1.2.11/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
3、下载解压openssl
wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.0b.tar.gz
tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.0b.tar.gz
4、下载nginx
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
三、添加用户组
groupadd -r www
useradd -r -g www www
四、 编译安装nginx
目录定为：/usr/local/nginx/
cd nginx-1.12.2/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin –conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf –pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid –user=www –group=www –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_realip_module –with-http_gzip_static_module –with-http_stub_status_module –with-select_module –with-poll_module –error-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/log/error.log –http-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/log/access.log –with-pcre=/root/pcre-8.41 –with-zlib=/root/zlib-1.2.11 –with-openssl=/root/openssl-1.1.0b
设置完毕后提示，不需要执行SSh：
“
nginx path prefix: “/usr/local/nginx”
nginx binary file: “/usr/local/nginx/sbin”
nginx modules path: “/usr/local/nginx/modules”
nginx configuration prefix: “/usr/local/nginx”
nginx configuration file: “/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf”
nginx pid file: “/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid”
nginx error log file: “/usr/local/nginx/log/error.log”
nginx http access log file: “/usr/local/nginx/log/access.log”
nginx http client request body temporary files: “client_body_temp”
nginx http proxy temporary files: “proxy_temp”
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: “fastcgi_temp”
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: “uwsgi_temp”
nginx http scgi temporary files: “scgi_temp”
”
make
make install
五、修改nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
2、创建conf 和 vhosts文件，方便放网站配置
mkdir conf
cd conf
mkdir vhosts
并将nginx.conf的默认配置文件创建为 default.conf
vi default.conf
并把下面的引用文件放入nginx引用
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/*.conf;
六、加入系统变量，方便下次启动
1、启动nginx需要执行/usr/local/nginx/sbin
vi命令打开/etc/profile文件，在文件最末尾加上如下代码
export NGINX_HOME=/usr/local/nginx
export PATH=$PATH:$NGINX_HOME/sbin
保存修改后，使用source命令重新加载配置文件
source /etc/profile
可使用echo $PATH 命令查看环境变量中是否已经加入了相关的路径
2、加入系统服务
vi命令在/etc/init.d/目录下创建一个nginx文件
vi /etc/init.d/nginx
内容
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: – 85 15
PATH=/usr/local/nginx
DESC=”nginx daemon”
NAME=nginx
DAEMON=$PATH/sbin
CONFIGFILE=$PATH/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=$PATH/sbin
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
set -e
[ -x “$DAEMON” ] || exit 0
do_start() {
$DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo -n “nginx already running”
}
do_stop() {
$DAEMON -s stop || echo -n “nginx not running”
}
do_reload() {
$DAEMON -s reload || echo -n “nginx can’t reload”
}
case “$1” in
start)
echo -n “Starting $DESC: $NAME”
do_start
echo “.”
;;
stop)
echo -n “Stopping $DESC: $NAME”
do_stop
echo “.”
;;
reload|graceful)
echo -n “Reloading $DESC configuration…”
do_reload
echo “.”
;;
restart)
echo -n “Restarting $DESC: $NAME”
do_stop
do_start
echo “.”
;;
*)
echo “Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}”;
exit 3
;;
esac
exit 0
需要注意几个变量，分别是PATH、NAME、DAEMON、CONFIGFILE、PIDFILE、SCRIPTNAME，其中，PATH设置为nginx的安装路径，DAEMON设置为nginx启动脚本的路径，CONFIGFILE是nginx.conf文件的路径，PIDFILE是进程文件的路径，需要与nginx.conf文件中的配置一致，SCRIPTNAME则是要指向当前文件路径/etc/init.d/nginx
赋予可执行的权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
开启命令
systemctl enable nginx
CentOS7 开启关闭 重载
/bin/systemctl start nginx
/bin/systemctl stop nginx
/bin/systemctl reload nginx
3、设置开机自动启动
chkconfig –add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
——————————————————————————
六 安装php
0、安装依赖的高版本组件
bison-3.0.4：http://www.kwx.gd/PHPEnvironment/Linux-bison-install.html
re2c：http://www.kwx.gd/PHPEnvironment/Linux-re2c-later.html
libzip：http://www.kwx.gd/PHPEnvironment/CetnOS-libzip.html
并设置动态链（64位系统）：http://www.kwx.gd/PHPEnvironment/CentOS-PHP-off-t.html
1、常用组件
yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash-devel libxslt-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel
2、下载php
wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.4.tar.gz
tar -zxvf php-7.2.4.tar.gz
3、安装可能依赖的组件和包
1)
re2c：http://sourceforge.net/projects/re2c/files/re2c/
tar xf re2c-*
cd re2c-*
./configure
#make && make install
2)bison
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-3.0.4.tar.gz
tar -zxvf bison-*
cd bison-*
./configure
make && make install
4、编译安装
cd /root/php-7.2.4
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-curl –with-freetype-dir –with-gd –with-gettext –with-iconv-dir –with-kerberos –with-libdir=lib64 –with-libxml-dir –with-mysqli –with-openssl –with-pcre-regex –with-pdo-mysql –with-pdo-sqlite –with-pear –with-png-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-xmlrpc –with-xsl –with-zlib –with-bz2 –with-mhash –enable-fpm –enable-bcmath –enable-libxml –enable-inline-optimization –enable-gd-native-ttf –enable-mbregex –enable-mbstring –enable-opcache –enable-pcntl –enable-shmop –enable-soap –enable-sockets –enable-sysvsem –enable-sysvshm –enable-xml –enable-zip
make
make install
完毕
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20170718/
Installing PHP CLI binary: /usr/local/php/bin/
Installing PHP CLI man page: /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/
Installing PHP FPM binary: /usr/local/php/sbin/
Installing PHP FPM defconfig: /usr/local/php/etc/
Installing PHP FPM man page: /usr/local/php/php/man/man8/
Installing PHP FPM status page: /usr/local/php/php/php/fpm/
Installing phpdbg binary: /usr/local/php/bin/
Installing phpdbg man page: /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/
Installing PHP CGI binary: /usr/local/php/bin/
Installing PHP CGI man page: /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/
Installing build environment: /usr/local/php/lib/php/build/
Installing header files: /usr/local/php/include/php/
Installing helper programs: /usr/local/php/bin/
program: phpize
program: php-config
Installing man pages: /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/
page: phpize.1
page: php-config.1
Installing PEAR environment: /usr/local/php/lib/php/
[PEAR] Archive_Tar – installed: 1.4.3
[PEAR] Console_Getopt – installed: 1.4.1
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.1.1
[PEAR] XML_Util – installed: 1.4.2
[PEAR] PEAR – installed: 1.10.5
Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/php/etc/pear.conf
You may want to add: /usr/local/php/lib/php to your php.ini include_path
/root/php-7.2.4/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin
ln -s -f phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin/phar
Installing PDO headers: /usr/local/php/include/php/ext/pdo/
4、设置php文件
cp /root/php-7.2.4/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
复制一份，然后修改
5、设置php-fpm文件
复制文件
cd /usr/local/php/etc
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d
cp www.conf.default www.conf
修改www.conf如下字段：
user = www
group = www
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
pm.max_children = 100
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
可根据实际需求修改
6、启动和查看进程
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
ps aux | grep php-fpm
7、加入变量
vi /etc/profile
最后一行加入
export PHP_HOME=/usr/local/php
export PATH=$PATH:$PHP_HOME/bin:$PHP_HOME/sbin
8、加入系统服务
vi /etc/init.d/php-fpm
内容
#!/bin/bash
# php-fpm startup script for the php-fpm
# php-fpm version:7.1.11
# chkconfig: – 85 15
# description: php-fpm
# processname: php-fpm
# pidfile: /var/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
# config: /var/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
php_command=/var/local/php/sbin/php-fom
php_config=/var/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
php_pid=/var/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
RETVAL=0
prog=”php-fpm”
#start function
php_fpm_start() {
/var/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
}
start(){
if [ -e $php_pid ]
then
echo “php-fpm already start…”
exit 1
fi
php_fpm_start
}
stop(){
if [ -e $php_pid ]
then
parent_pid=`cat $php_pid`
all_pid=`ps -ef | grep php-fpm | awk ‘{if(‘$parent_pid’ == $3){print $2}}’`
for pid in $all_pid
do
kill $pid
done
kill $parent_pid
fi
exit 1
}
restart(){
stop
start
}
# See how we were called.
case “$1” in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $”Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|status}”
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
8、开机启动
chkconfig –add php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on
——————————————————————————
七、Mysql安装
1、CMAKE
wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.11/cmake-3.11.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf cmake-3*
cd cmake*
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/cmake
make
make install
export PATH=/usr/local/cmake/bin:$PATH
2、Ncurses
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-6.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf ncurses*
cd ncurses*
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/ncurses
make
make install
3、安装libaio库
yum install libaio*
安装libaio和libaio-devel这两个库
4、设置mysql组
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
5、下载mysql 5.7并挪到统一目录
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/
使用的是mysql官方提供的解压缩版的安装方式，不需要进行make操作。将mysql文件夹移动到安装路径后，需要修改mysql安装文件夹的权限，执行以下命令
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/
6、设置mysql文件
mysql的配置文件是放在/etc/目录下的，名字是my.cnf 也可以不配置，默认也有内容
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20
datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/data
socket=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/tmp/mysql.sock
#skip-external-locking
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
log-error=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/log/error.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/logs/mysql.pid
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
#
# These groups are read by MariaDB command-line tools
# Use it for options that affect only one utility
#
[mysql]
[mysql_upgrade]
[mysqladmin]
[mysqlbinlog]
[mysqlcheck]
[mysqldump]
[mysqlimport]
[mysqlshow]
[mysqlslap]
其中basedir指的是mysql的安装目录，datadir指的是mysql数据文件的存储目录，其他几项配置项
所有在配置文件中出现的路径、文件均需要具有可读写的权限，前面为MySQL创建了用户及组，所以上述配置文件中涉及到的路径和文件，均需要将其所有者及组指定为mysql用户，这样MySQL服务才能正常启动。
顺便禁止 innodb
default-storage-engine=MYISAM
skip-innodb
loose-innodb-trx=0
loose-innodb-locks=0
loose-innodb-lock-waits=0
loose-innodb-cmp=0
loose-innodb-cmp-per-index=0
loose-innodb-cmp-per-index-reset=0
loose-innodb-cmp-reset=0
loose-innodb-cmpmem=0
loose-innodb-cmpmem-reset=0
loose-innodb-buffer-page=0
loose-innodb-buffer-page-lru=0
loose-innodb-buffer-pool-stats=0
loose-innodb-metrics=0
loose-innodb-ft-default-stopword=0
loose-innodb-ft-inserted=0
loose-innodb-ft-deleted=0
loose-innodb-ft-being-deleted=0
loose-innodb-ft-config=0
loose-innodb-ft-index-cache=0
loose-innodb-ft-index-table=0
loose-innodb-sys-tables=0
loose-innodb-sys-tablestats=0
loose-innodb-sys-indexes=0
loose-innodb-sys-columns=0
loose-innodb-sys-fields=0
loose-innodb-sys-foreign=0
loose-innodb-sys-foreign-cols=0
7、放入启动脚本
cp -a /usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
并修改/etc/init.d/mysqld中的basedir和datadir，确保其值与my.cnf文件中的内容相同
8、初始化mysql
先创建data目录（数据库文件目录）
mkdir /usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/data/
chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/data/
chmod 755 /usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/data/
/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/bin/mysqld –initialize –user=mysql –basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/ –datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/data/
若前面配置文件中的各配置项均正确，各路径、文件均存在并可读写，改命令将提示执行成功，则表示ok
然后提示内会生成mysql密码“[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: R6Ed7mdn!9=V”
9、安全模式启动mysql
/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql ;
在mysql安装目录的bin目录下，使用以下命令启动mysql
若提示 mysqld_safe error: log-error set to ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’, however file don’t exists. Create writable for user ‘mysql’.
需要手动创建目录并赋予mysql账号和组权限
mkdir /var/log/mariadb
chown mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb
chmod 755 /var/log/mariadb
vi /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log # 直接保存文件
启动后，使用初始化所得的root密码登录mysql，查看是否可以正常操作，命令如下
/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/bin/mysql -uroot -pR6Ed7mdn!9=V –socket=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/mysql.sock
登录后 使用命令
set password for root@localhost=password(‘woshipasswd’);
修改密码
10、设置开机自动启动
cd /usr/local/mysql-5.7.20/bin/
chkconfig –level 35 mysqld on
先杀掉所有safe启动的进程
ps aux | grep mysql
kill pid
再启动
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
八、配置Nginx+PHP+MySQL
在/usr/local/nginx/conf中创建配置文件
如
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.php index.htm index.html;
root /alidata/webapps;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
# 配置页面静态化
include /alidata/server/nginx-1.12.2/conf/rewrite/default.conf;
access_log /alidata/logs/nginx/access/default.log;
error_log /alidata/logs/nginx/error/default.log;
}
载入
systemctl reload nginx